1. Never use two past tenses simultaneously:

It’s the most common error, while in fluency of speaking or even writing for that matter we often use sentences like “ I dint knew you were so good at dancing”. Now over here, we cant use both, “knew” and “dint” together we can only use one of them the correct form of this would be “ I dint know, you were so good at dancing”.

2. Another one major blunder that people often make is “ I will do it”:

Over here “it” can never be used as a matter of fact it’s a rule of English to always use “so” whenever you are treating a line like that.

3. Also you cant use sentences like “ I will go and do so”:

presence of “and” is not required over here, only “I will go do so” would do.

4. Incorrect use of apostrophe:

it should be remembered that apostrophe is used in two cases. One; to show contractions e.g. “ don’t in place of do not.”, second to represent possessions e.g. “ its mark’s pen”. Therefore apart from this it shouldn’t b used where it doesn’t belong.

5. Another confusion that people face is while using i.e. and e.g.:

i.e. is an abbreviation used for “id est.” means that is , which is used to explain things in other words. While e.g. is “exempli gratia” which is used to mention the examples specifically.

So next time when you are writing an essay or enjoying your fluent English conversation make sure that you don’t make the following blunders. I will be coming up with more mistakes that are made commonly in my next article. Till then make a note to remember and revise these. All the best.Similar Posts:

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The general rule with good and well is that well is an adverb and good is an adjective. What this means is that well modifies verbs, adjectives and other adverbs and good modifies nouns.

Unfortunately, there are exceptions to this rule just to keep us on our toes. “Well” may be used when describing if something is proper, healthy or suitable. As in, “I am well (healthy) today.”

Examples

1. That is a good song. (Good is modifying the noun, song.)
2. You sang the song very well. (Well is modifying the verb, sang.)
3. The bike is pedaling well. (Well is modifying the verb, pedaling.
4. The car is in good shape. (Good is modifying the noun, car.)

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Here is the link to open the pdf file:

http://tours.qsnetwork.com/modules/wmt2/download/ManRev_GMAT_SCGuide.pdf

You can also click the image beside this text to open this e-book. Once the file is open, you can save the file by clicking the save button on top left side of the page.

Note: I am not violating any copyright. This is a free book in public domain. So don’t worry in downloading this book.Similar Posts:

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Accuracy describes the degree to which a result obtained from measurement agrees to its real and accepted value. On the other hand, precision describes the degree to which the same measurement is obtained over repeated measurements. We refer to a ‘high precision’ marching band as they all march in step. We refer to a high accuracy micro-fabrication plant as they are able to produce widgets of exact sizes.

Affect and effect

As a verb, affect means to influence or have an effect on something; effect as a verb means to execute, produce or accomplish something. As a noun, affect means a feeling or emotion, while effect as a noun means a result. In their most common usage, however, affect is usually used as a verb, and effect as a noun.

Examples: Many nutritionists argue fast food advertising affects children. The nutritionists say fast food advertising has a profound effect on children by influencing them to buy unhealthy food.

Alternate and alternative

As a verb, alternate means to occur in turns. Alternate as a noun means substitute. On the other hand, an alternative is a choice between two or more things.

Examples: Day alternates with night.
Paris Hilton considered her alternatives as she planned to indulge in another overseas trip: a beach holiday in Hawaii or a shopping spree in France.

Complement and compliment

When an object complements something, it makes that thing better, more complete, or more attractive. On the other hand, to compliment someone is to make a nice remark. A compliment is an expression of appreciation or respect.

Examples: Nicole Kidman’s gold dress complemented her pearl shoes. Fashion critics complimented Nicole on her great style.

Discreet and discrete

To be discreet is to exercise self-restraint in speech and behavior in order to avoid embarrassment or attract too much attention, usually to keep something secret. Discreet also means modest and free from pretension. Discrete, on the other hand, means distinct or separate.

Examples: Some would say that his raucous behavior was far from discreet.
His personal life and work life are discrete entities.

Immoral and amoral

If something is immoral, it does not conform to what society considers as acceptable and moral behavior. However, amoral describes a state of being neither moral nor immoral. An amoral person does not have any moral distinctions or judgments.
Examples: His immoral behavior led to his excommunication from the clergy.
The first production cyborg was amoral and rational in its approach to values :- however, very soon it became sentient and developed a very strange sense of robotic-styled morality.

Farther and further

Farther refers to distance. On the other hand, further refers to advancement in degree, time or quantity.

Examples: I don’t know how much farther this car will travel before running out of gas.
I think you will advance further in your career by becoming a better reader!

Infer and imply

To infer is to deduce, guess or conclude. However, to imply is to suggest. Therefore, the person/writer making the remark implies something, while the person listening or receiving the information infers something from what is being said.

Examples: Jane implied that her mother-in-law is quite a bossy person. From her comments, I inferred that Jane and her mother-in-law did not get along well.

Inflicted and afflicted

Inflict means to force someone to experience something unpleasant. But to be afflicted by something means to suffer from a problem or illness.

Examples: The court inflicted a harsh penalty on the drunk driver.
The country is afflicted by war.

Incredible and incredulous

Incredible means difficult to believe. In informal usage, incredible means extremely good. In contrast, a person who is incredulous is someone who visibly expresses a state of being unbelieving of someone or something.

Examples: American Idol winner Kelly Clarkson was incredulous at the incredible success she experienced after winning the reality talent contest.

Principal and principle

Principal means first in order of importance. In financial terms, principal is the amount of money a person puts in or invests into a bank or financial institution in order to earn interest. A principal is also the head of an elementary or high school. On the other hand, a principle is a basic idea or rule, or a moral standard.

Dilemma and quandary

A dilemma is when a difficult choice has to be made between two different alternatives. This is different from a quandary, which is a state of being unable to decide what to do especially when there are many possible choices at hand.

Personal and personnel

Personal refers to something which belongs to a single person or particular individual as opposed to a group, or matters relating to someone’s private life. In contrast, personnel refers to the people employed in an organization. Personnel also refers to the department within an organization which deals with its human resources.

Ability and capacity

A person’s ability refers to their physical or mental power or skill to do something. In contrast, capacity is the amount something can hold, contain, produce, carry or absorb.

Examples: Former US president Bill Clinton is very charismatic and has the ability to engage an audience when speaking publicly.
The fuel tank’s capacity is 50 gallons.

Accept and except

To accept is to receive or agree to something. Except means ‘other than’ or ‘aside from’.

Reluctant and reticent

If someone is reluctant, they are unwilling to do something. When someone is reticent, they are reserved. Reticence can be a form of reluctance; it describes an unwillingness to speak your thoughts or feelings.

Note: This list is not prepared by me. but this is really helpful in tackling some notorious questions in MBA exams, that is why I am just sharing it with you guys. Here is the source of this list: Rocket ReaderSimilar Posts:

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These nouns denote an act or instance of breaking a law or regulation or failing to fulfill a duty, obligation, or promise. Breach and infraction are the least specific: Revealing the secret would be a breach of trust. Infractions of the rules will not be tolerated.
A violation is committed willfully and with complete lack of regard for legal, moral, or ethical considerations: In violation of her contract, she failed to appear.
Transgression most often applies to divine or moral law: “The children shall not be punished for the father’s transgression” Daniel Defoe.
Trespass implies willful intrusion on another’s rights, possessions, or person: “In the limited and confined sense [trespass] signifies no more than an entry on another man’s ground without a lawful authority” William Blackstone.
Infringement is most frequently used to denote encroachment on another’s rights: “Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom” William Pitt the Younger.

Source: thefreedictionarySimilar Posts:

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This is a verbatim from the book of Paul Brian. To read more such confusing words click: Common Errors in English. If you haven’t downloaded this book, then do it right now. This is really helpful. This is my personal advice.

BTW, here is one verbatim from merriam dictionary:

sensuous implies gratification of the senses for the sake of aesthetic pleasure <the sensuous delights of great music>. sensual tends to imply the gratification of the senses or the indulgence of the physical appetites as ends in themselves <a life devoted to sensual pleasures>

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Use “a native of” when you’re talking about where a person was born, and is used as noun

for example: I am a native of Detroit.

Use “native to” when you’re talking about a category, characteristic, or species; and is used as adjective.

for example: Tigers are native to India.

Sources: Beat the gmat, Rajat’s SC NotesSimilar Posts:

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A translucent object is a material that will only allow some or a little bit oh the light rays to pass through it. Things like wax paper, cloth and paper are translucent because of the density of the molecules inside it.

An opaque object is something that will allow no light to pass through it because the density of the object is too great. Things like wood folders and mirrors are opaque.

The difference between transparent, translucent, and opaque objects is that opaque objects are denser in molecules than translucent objects and that translucent object are denser than transparent objects. Transparent objects let all the light rays pass through. Translucent objects are denser therefore allowing only some light rays to pass through because some are ether being absorbed or reflected. Opaque objects don’t allow any light rays to pass through because all of the light rays are being reflected or absorbed.

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Sentence Correction Notes of Rajat

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Which of these sentences are correct?

1. We will give the money to the person who needs it most.

2. We filed a complaint against the contractor who we hired last month.

3. No one knows who you are.

4. Who are you calling?

5. Who is at the door?

6. We will be kind to whomever knocks on our door for help.

7. Whomever we elect for president will be in office for four years.

All the odd numbered sentences are correct.

Before we go over the four-step trick for getting “who” and “whom” right every time, let’s look at the grammatical difference between these words, keeping in mind that “whoever” and “whomever” function just as “who” and “whom” do. (All grammarphobes please skip right on down to the trick!)

“Who” and “whoever” will always be either the subject or the predicate pronoun of their own clauses. (A subject and a verb comprise a clause.) Thus, in sentence 1, “who needs it most” is correct because “who” is the subject of the verb “needs.” In sentence 3, “who” is the predicate pronoun of the clause “who you are.” (Because of the linking verb “are,” the clause says “you = who.”) Sentence 5 is correct because “who” is the subject of the verb “is.”

“Whom” and “whomever” will always serve as objects. Sentence 2 is incorrect because in the clause “who we hired last month,” the subject is “we,” the verb is “hired,” and the object of that verb is “whom.” Likewise, in sentence 4, the subject is “you” and the object of the verb “are calling” is “whom.” In normal order, the clause reads “we are calling whom.” Here are corrected versions of sentences 2 and 4:

2. We filed a complaint against the contractor whom we hired last month.

4. Whom are you calling?

Sentence 7 correctly employs “whomever” as the object of its own clause, “Whomever we elect for president.” The subject is “we,” the verb is “elect,” and the direct object is “whomever.” In normal order, the clause reads “we elect whom.”

Here is the four-step trick for getting these words straight every time:

Step 1: Isolate the clause containing the “who(ever)” or “whom(ever).” (Sentences that ask questions, such ase 4 and 5 above, can have only one clause.)

Step 2: Ignore the part of the sentence that is NOT in the “who(ever)” or “whom(ever)” clause.

Step 3: In place of the word “who(ever)” or “whom(ever),” plug in the words “he” or “him” and see which one sounds better. (Sorry, ladies; we can’t use “she” and “her” because “her” doesn’t end with an “m,” and the trick won’t work!)

Step 4: If “he” sounds better, then choose “who(ever).” If “him” sounds better, then choose “whom(ever).” Remember that the “m” words (“him” and “whom”) go together.

Let’s try the trick on sentence 1:

(1) Isolate the “who/whom” clause: We will give the money to the person [who needs it most].

(2) Ignore the rest of the sentence outside the bracketed clause.

(3) Plug in “he” or “him” and see which sounds better: “he needs it most” or “him needs it most”?

(4) Obviously, “he” sounds better, so our choice will be “who.”

Let’s try it on sentence 7:

(1) Isolate the “whoever/whomever” clause: [Whomever we elect for president] will be in office for four years.

(2) Ignore the rest of the sentence outside the bracketed clause.

(3) Plug in “he” or “him” and see which sounds better: “we elect he for president” or “we elect him for president”?

(4) Obviously, “him” sounds better, so our choice will be “whom”–or, in this sentence, “whomever.”

The trick works even when the “who” or “whom” refers to a group of people; simply use “they” and “them” instead of “he” and “him.” The “m” words still go together: “them,” “him,” “whom,” and “whomever.”

We get in trouble when we forget step 2 of the trick and don’t ignore the part of the sentence that is outside the “who/whom” clause. Notice what would have happened if we had made that mistake with sentence 6 and said “we will be kind to him” instead of “he knocks on our door for help.” We would have incorrectly chosen “whomever” instead of “whoever.”

Source: pagalguy. Here is the link Who/Whom.

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Main Proposal: Let plural subjects take plural verbs and singular subjects roam about with singular verbs.

Proposal 1:- When two or more nouns are present, ask the verb to agree with its proper subject instead of the noun near it.

The quality of language in British books is outstanding.

All the books on the rack are the law books.

Proposal 2:- Some nouns are plural by nature and like to be with plural verbs. Following are the names of these famous nouns-

Savings, thanks, surroundings, riches, goods, outskirts, belongings, particulars, premises, clothes, earnings, congratulations, people, police and staff.

Proposal 3:- When the verb is holding hands with two or more subjects and wearing either…or or neither…nor, use a singular verb if the last subject is singular and a plural verb if the last subject is plural.

Neither Levin nor Kitty wants to live in a city.

Either John Galt or his representatives are to stop the motor of the world.

Either nurses or the doctor is responsible for the wrong operation.

Proposal 4:- When two bachelor (singular) subjects are joined by spinster ‘and’, they form a pair (plural)

Dolly and Doll were t he first one to arrive.

Bob and Roger are playing a guitar.

Proposal 5:- Listen to what nouns suggest, if they suggest one idea to the mind, or refer to same person or thing, then the verb would rather stay single.

Bread and butter is kept in the refrigerator.

Time and tide waits for none.

Proposal 6:- Be cautious with the following-

Everyone, no one, anybody, somebody, everything, each and every, each of, neither of, the majority of, all of, some of and uncountable nouns.

All of food is stolen.

Knock! Knock! Is anybody there?

Proposal 7:- Economics, civics, statistics, news, mathematics, wages, linguistics, phonetics, politics etc are plural in form but singular in meaning and take a singular verb.

Mathematics is TG’s passion.

Politics is the major part of the corporate world.

Subject Verb Agreement contd….PART 2;

Proposal 8:- When there is a group of nouns (Collective nouns), a singular verb should be brought into action. When the individuals of this group are addressed, we would like to use plural verbs.

The crowd is maddening.

The population of Japan is on its life time low this year.

Proposal 9:- When noun denotes some specific quantity or amount considered as a whole, we should agree on a singular verb.

One-fourth of the work is completed by William.

The five thousand yen that he gave me was spent in a single day.

Proposal 10:- There are outsiders (words and phrases) besides ‘and’ that attach themselves to the subject and make it look plural but the subject still stays the same. These are the famous intruders -as well as, accompanied by, including, along with, in addition to and together with. So verbs, be careful!

Leonidas, along with his 300 Spartans, is going to fight against the Persian army.

Books, as well as music, are my passion.

Proposal 11:- When the subject is commanding, ordering, or suggesting — ‘you’, the person being directed by the subject has to disappear. (Subject expects itself to be understood)

(You) Listen to the sound of the music!

(You) Suggest a plan for the month.

Proposal 12:- Both subject and verb give special preference to ‘None’. None can be treated as both singular and plural until someone else in the crowd doesn’t recognize its number.

None of the men are ready for the war,

None of the men is ready for the war.

None of the dancers have given their best. (Here you can’t use singular because the word ‘their’ precludes the use of the singular verb.)

Proposal 13:- Sometimes nouns are playing tricks with you. They can beguile you into thinking they are plural when they are not. Nouns such as pants, pliers, glasses and scissors are regarded as plural (and prefer being with plural verbs) unless they’re preceded by the phrase pair of, so be careful!

The scissors are lying on the table.

A pair of scissors is lying on the table.

Proposal 14:- If the sentence is giving both positive and negative vibes, the verb will respond only to the subject giving positive vibes..

It is not Carol but her sisters who are married.

It was the subject of the movie, not the actors, that has charmed the audience.

Proposal 15:

Note: the word dollars is a special case. When talking about an amount of money, it requires a singular verb, but when referring to the dollars themselves, a plural verb is required.

Proposal 16:

Nouns such as scissors, tweezers, trousers, and shears require plural verbs. (There are two parts to these things.)

Sources: Pagalguy, Total Gadha, some online portals (don’t remember), some books (don’t remember the names)

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I’d call Paul Brians’ book incredible, fabulous, or fantastic, except thanks to him, I know now that none of those words are what I really mean. Let’s just say that Common Errors in English Usage is the most cheerfully useful book I’ve read since the Kama Sutra.
—Scott Simon, National Public Radio

I rarely take a Grammar Girl podcast live without at least quadruple-checking my main thesis, and Common Errors in English Usage has quickly become one of my most valued fact-checking resources. When the corners of this book are worn off, the spine is broken, and the fuzzy edges are spiked with Post-it¨ notes marking your most used pages, don’t forget to write Brians a note of thanks. By distilling reams of rules and opinions into a usable, entertaining reference book, he’s made all our lives a little easier.
—Mignon Fogarty (“Grammar Girl”)

to read more about this book click here.

TEXT VERSION OF COMMON ERRORS IN ENGLISH.Similar Posts:

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“To advertising writers, connotation is a matter of life or death. There isn’t an ad agency in the world that would hire a copywriter who couldn’t tell the difference between “childlike” and “childish”—two words with the same denotation. The difference—connotatively—is huge. “Childlike” implies innocence and naturalness; childlike people are free of cynicism and corruption; in a world marred by vice and vanity and villainy, they’ve managed to remain guileless and trusting. They’re often thought of as “saints.” “Childish” people are something else: they’re arrested adolescents at best, and bigmouthed brats at worst; they make juvenile demands, they throw tantrums, and they know only one pronoun: “me.” Nobody has ever mistaken a childish man or woman for a saint. Two words: one denotation…vastly different connotations.”

To read more click: http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=15915

http://www.goingthewongway.com/2008/06/18/difference-between-childish-and-child-like/Similar Posts:

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10 Mythes of English Grammar

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This is a verbatim from encarta dictionary (a product of Microsoft)Similar Posts:

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Sometimes people say they “emphasize” with someone when they mean they “empathize” with him or her.

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Click the image

I have found a list of confusing words which make us confuse while solving the verbal questions. List is in two parts. All words in the list looks similar but in meaning they are far dissimilar. Their dictionary meanings are not given but they are used in sentence according to their dictionary meanings. You have to use dictionary to see the meaning of words. Click the image to go to the site.

Note: CAT has last time played with similar kind of confusing words. for e.g, a question of CAT 2007

51. The cricket council that was[A]/were[B] elected last March is[A]/are[B] at sixes and sevens over new rules.
The critics censored[A]/censured[B] the new movie because of its social inaccessibility. Amit’s explanation for missing the meeting was credulous[A]/credible[B]. She coughed discreetly[A]/discretely[B] to announce her presence.
1) BBAAA
2) AAABA
3) BBBBA
4) AABBA
5) BBBAA

Thanks Grammar.cccSimilar Posts:

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Orthography

These spellings will help you in not getting caught in the trap of sentence correction questions where examiner changes the spelling in order to confuse.

Copyright doesn’t rest with me. To see the html version of this pic go to Mappowerindia. Thanks Raj.Similar Posts:

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Now you know the difference. I don’t think I need to thank Paul.Similar Posts:

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So whenever next time you go to a restaurant, check for the spelling of “Crispy Chicken”; Chrispy Chicken is wrong.Similar Posts:

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To censure someone, however, is to officially denounce an offender. You can be censured as much for actions as for words. A lawyer who destroyed evidence which would have been unfavorable to his client might be censured by the bar association.

A device which senses any change like changes in light or electrical output is a sensor. You car and your digital camera contain sensors.

A censer is a church incense burner.

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Were you knowing this? I always had this cofusion while writing, but now I am clear with the usage of belief and believe.

Again thanks Pual Brian for creating such a sexy list.Similar Posts:

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1. Independent clause , {for and or so but nor yet} Independent clause.

Ex: The building is finished, but it has not tenants

2. Introductory element, Independent clause.

Ex: Unfortunately, the only tenant pulled out.

3. Independent clause, nonessential element.

Ex: The empty building symbolizes a weak local economy, which affects everyone.

4. Beginning of independent clause, nonessential element , end of independent.

Ex:  The primary clause, the decline of local industry, is not news.

5. . . . item 1 , item 2 , {and / or} item 3 . . .

Ex: The city needs healthier businesses, new schools, and improved housing.

6. . . first adjective , second adjective word modified . . .

Ex: A tall, sleek skyscraper is not needed.

7. Independent clause ; Independent clause

Ex: The side effects are not minor; some leave the patient quite uncomfortable or even ill.

Conjunctive

Adverb

8. Independent clause ; however , Independent clause

Anyway Meanwhile

Besides Moreover

Consequently Namely

Finally Otherwise

Furthermore Still

Hence Then

Indeed Therefore

Instead Thus

Ex: An American immigrant, Levi Strauss, invented blue jeans in the 1860s; eventually, his product clothed working men throughout the West.

This colourful text will make you understand it better. I don’t remember the source as this was in my notes which I collected last year. Now you too copy it in your notes so that you don’t have to come online to revise these.

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For example, look at the Müller-Lyer illusion shown to the right. Look at the horizontal lines. Typically the top line will be seen as being longer. However, they are both the same length. If you don’t believe me, measure them yourself.

Another illusion involves the Necker cube shown to the left. Are you looking down on a cube from above? Or are you looking up at a cube from below? If you concentrate on the solid dot in the upper left, you will seem to be looking down on the cube. If you concentrate on the open dot in the lower right, it will seem that you are looking up at a cube from underneath it. For most people, as their concentration shifts from dot to dot, the cube seems to “flip-flop” – the front and back sides seem to reverse themselves. For people who are used to seeing things only one way – in this case, usually looking down on a cube – they might find it difficult to get the cube to shift.

This is a verbatim from “http://virgil.azwestern.edu/~dag/lol/IllusionDelusion.html” . So you can go on this page to read more.Similar Posts:

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